Nuclear Medicine Therapy

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  Neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) are heterogeneous with varying behaviour. Treatment decisions are taken basis Histological studies plus imaging data and clinical studies. Surgery is a curative option for NET patients with localized well-differentiated tumours, for non-localized metastatic tumours, Surgery is not an option. PRRT  (Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy) is a curative option for non-localised, heterogeneous, metastatic neuroendocrine tumours. PRRT has proven to be the most promising treatment modality amongst various systemic treatments  such as Somatostatin Analogues, Chemotherapy, Molecular Targeted Treatments, Alpha Interferon etc. PRRT causes DNA damage to the tumour cells. In the 1990s PRRT was administered using the radiopeptide 111In-DTPA-octreotide (Octreoscan®), the responses were reasonable but the effects were not long-lived and there were long term adverse sequelae. Next PRRT agent to be developed was the more effective beta-emitting radionuclide Y90, su

  Nuclear Medicine, as a treatment protocol for Neuroendocrine Tumors (NETs) has been used in many countries across the globe for many a years. PRRT  or Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy is a type of Nuclear Medicine Therapy in which a cell-targeting protein or peptide is combined with a small amount of radioactive material that created a special type of radiopharmaceutical known as a Radiopeptide. This radiopeptide is injected into a Neuroendocrine Tumor patient’s bloodstream. Unlike healthy cells, the neuroendocrine tumor cells or NET cells have proteins on their cell surface. These proteins, also known as receptors, bind themselves to hormones, such as somatostatin. Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy or PRRT with lutetium 177 dotatate or Lu177 targets these receptors with radiopeptides and deliver a high dose of radiation to the tumor cells. How PRRT for NET works? – Method of Action 1.         A peptide i.e. a group of amino acids is created that can bind to the rece

Liver malignancy, be it primary tumors like Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) and Cholangiocarcinoma, is one of the top five most common cancers worldwide and is also a frequent cause of cancer-related mortality. In most of the cases, Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) is often diagnosed late in the intermediate-advanced stage (stage B and C). Because of this often-late diagnosis, radical therapy doesn’t offer much success. While a few curative and/ or palliative therapies might help, but they are not often characterized by a favorable safety or efficacy ratio. Hence for this intermediate to advanced stages of HCC, internal radionuclide therapy is emerging as a good therapeutic option. And according to several studies, Transarterial Radioembolization (TARE) or intra-arterial injection of a radiolabeled embolising agent has led to extremely promising results, both in terms of demonstration of a good tolerability profile and disease control. Transarterial Radioembolization (TARE) is also sim

  Yttrium-90 or Y-90 is a commonly used isotope in the medical field specially in departments like nuclear medicine and radiation oncology for radiation therapy. This radioisotope is relied upon to provide a prescribed amount of radiation to a targeted area , such as a tumor. One of the most common uses of Y90 is during an internal radiation therapy called radioembolization. Radioembolization or  Transarterial Radioembolization  using Y-90 involves the use of glass/ resin spheres that are filled with the isotope and placed directly into the blood supply of the liver tumor through a minimally invasive procedure. These spheres get lodged within the tumor itself. The doctors then block off the blood vessels to prevent blood flow (embolization). These Y-90 labelled spheres then get to work by radiating and destroying the tumor. Commonly, Y-90 labelled spheres are used for the treatment of liver tumors, primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and unresectable primary colorectal cancer th

Neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) are heterogeneous with varying behaviour. Treatment decisions are taken basis Histological studies plus imaging data and clinical studies. Surgery is a curative option for NET patients with localized well-differentiated tumours, for non-localized metastatic tumours, Surgery is not an option. PRRT  (Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy) is a curative option for non-localised, heterogeneous, metastatic neuroendocrine tumours. PRRT has proven to be the most promising treatment modality amongst various systemic treatments  such as Somatostatin Analogues, Chemotherapy, Molecular Targeted Treatments, Alpha Interferon etc. PRRT causes DNA damage to the tumour cells. In the 1990s PRRT was administered using the radiopeptide 111In-DTPA-octreotide (Octreoscan®), the responses were reasonable but the effects were not long-lived and there were long term adverse sequelae. Next PRRT agent to be developed was the more effective beta-emitting radionuclide Y90, sust